Blog

๐Ÿ‡ฐ๐Ÿ‡ท ํ•œ๊ตญ ์ถœ์‚ฐ์œจ ์œ„๊ธฐ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…

ํ•œ๊ตญ์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์ธ๊ตฌ ์œ„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฒช๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ถœ์‚ฐ์œจ ๊ฐ์†Œ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์  ์œ„๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ตญ๋‚ด์™ธ์—์„œ ์ž˜ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํŠนํžˆ ์„œ๊ตฌ ์–ธ๋ก ์ด ์ตœ๊ทผ ๋ช‡ ๋…„๊ฐ„ ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ง‘์ค‘ ์กฐ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 1960๋…„๋Œ€ ํ•œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋‹น 6๋ช… ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ๋‚ณ๋˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€์—์„œ ์ด์ œ๋Š” ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ถœ์‚ฐ์œจ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•œ ํ˜„์‹ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ํฐ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ง‰๋Œ€ํ•œ ์žฌ์ •์„ ํˆฌ์ž…ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด๋ ‡๋‹ค ํ•  ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด ์œ„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์กด์žฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์ •์น˜์  ์˜์ง€์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ•ต์‹ฌ์€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ ์ถœ์‚ฐ์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์œ„์ƒ์„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ๋ณด์ƒ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ธ์ •์— ๋” ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋™๊ธฐ๋ถ€์—ฌ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชฝ๊ณจ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋Š” ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชฝ๊ณจ์€ 1957๋…„ ์ธ๊ตฌ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์„ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๊ณ , โ€œ์˜์›… ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ ํ›ˆ์žฅโ€์„ ์ œ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 6๋ช… ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์šด ์—ฌ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ 1๋“ฑ๊ธ‰ ํ›ˆ์žฅ์„, 4~5๋ช…์˜ ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์šด ์—ฌ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” 2๋“ฑ๊ธ‰ ํ›ˆ์žฅ์„ ์ˆ˜์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ œ๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 2022๋…„์—๋Š” 12,500๋ช…์ด ๋„˜๋Š” ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋“ค์ด ์ด ํ›ˆ์žฅ์„ ์ˆ˜์—ฌ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์ ์€ ์ด ํ›ˆ์žฅ์˜ ๊ธˆ์ „์  ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 1๋“ฑ๊ธ‰ ํ›ˆ์žฅ์€ ์•ฝ 60๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ, 2๋“ฑ๊ธ‰ ํ›ˆ์žฅ์€ ์•ฝ 30๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ํ›ˆ์žฅ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๊ธˆ์ „์  ๋ณด์ƒ์„ ๋„˜์–ด, ์ถœ์‚ฐ๊ณผ ๋ชจ์„ฑ์„ ๊ธฐ๋…ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋†’์ด ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ƒ์ง•์œผ๋กœ ์ž๋ฆฌ ์žก์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธํ™”๊ฐ€ ์กฐ์„ฑ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชฝ๊ณจ์€ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด๋ฅผ ์ œ์™ธํ•œ ์ง€์—ญ ์ค‘ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ์ถœ์‚ฐ์œจ์„ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ์ด ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ž…์ฆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ์œ„๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ชฝ๊ณจ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๋„์ž…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๋งŒํผ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ธ‰์ง„์ ์ด๊ณ  ๊ณผ๊ฐํ•œ ์กฐ์น˜๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ํ•œ๊ตญ์€ ๋…ํŠนํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ ์˜๋ฌด ๊ตฐ ๋ณต๋ฌด๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๊ณผํ•˜๋Š” ์ œ๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด, ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ํš๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ์ •์ฑ…์„ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ด ์กฐ์„ฑ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ €๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ •์ฑ…์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ๊ตฐ ๋ณต๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์„ฑ์‹คํžˆ ๋งˆ์นœ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ๋งŒ ํˆฌํ‘œ๊ถŒ์„ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ•œ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ 3๋ช… ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ์ถœ์‚ฐํ•œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ๋งŒ ํˆฌํ‘œ๊ถŒ์„ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์ •์ฑ…์€ ์ถœ์‚ฐ์„ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ง€์œ„๋ฅผ ๋†’์ด๋Š” ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๋™๊ธฐ๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ, 5๋…„ ์ด๋‚ด์— ์ถœ์‚ฐ์œจ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฌผ๋ก , ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ œ์•ˆ์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ํ•œ๊ตญ ์ •์น˜ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ์‹คํ˜„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋‚ฎ์•„ ๋ณด์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํ˜„์žฌ ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ์ธ๊ตฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์ •์ฑ…์  ๊ณผ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์  ์ƒ์กด์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฐํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ตฌํ•  ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชฝ๊ณจ ์‚ฌ๋ก€์—์„œ ๋ณด๋“ฏ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋„ ์ถœ์‚ฐ๊ณผ ๋ชจ์„ฑ์„ ์‚ฌํšŒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์กด์ค‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์  ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„๋กœ ์‚ผ๋Š” ๋ฌธํ™”๋ฅผ ์กฐ์„ฑํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ์ด ์œ„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ํ•œ๊ตญ์ด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹จํ˜ธํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๋‹จ์„ ๋‚ด๋ ค์•ผ ํ•  ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ์ƒ์กด์ด ๊ฑธ๋ ค ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

South Korea is grappling with an existential crisis: its plummeting fertility rate. This issue has been widely acknowledged both within and outside the country, with Western media paying particular attention in recent years. The depth of the crisis, coupled with the failure of government incentives to reverse the trend, is disheartening. The birth rate, which stood at over six children per woman in the 1960s, has now dropped to an alarmingly low figure. Despite the injection of significant financial resources, no policy has succeeded in addressing the root causes of this demographic decline. However, history and comparative examples suggest a solution is possibleโ€”if the political will exists to implement it.

The key to reversing this trend lies in fundamentally altering the social status of childbearing among women. Evidence is abundantly clear: financial incentives are  simply not as compelling for women as the social prestige attached to motherhood. The Mongolian model provides an inspiring blueprint. Recognizing the need for population growth, Mongolia instituted the โ€œOrder of Mother Heroineโ€ awards in 1957. These honors celebrate mothers who raise multiple children, with First-Class awards for mothers of six or more children and Second-Class awards for those with four to five children. In 2022 alone, over 12,500 mothers received these honors.

The monetary component of these awards is minimalโ€”$60 for First-Class and $30 for Second-Classโ€”but the social significance is profound. These awards are ceremoniously bestowed, and even Mongolian ambassadors distribute them to expatriates. The results are clear: Mongolia boasts one of the highest fertility rates outside of Africa, significantly outpacing its regional neighbors. The success of this policy underscores that the heart of the issue is not financial but cultural.

For South Korea, adopting such measures is a start, but it is unlikely to be enough. A bolder approach is necessary, given the severity of the crisis. South Koreaโ€™s unique sociopolitical landscape, which includes mandatory military service for men, provides a potential framework for transformative change. The proposal is radical: extend voting rights only to men who have completed their national service and to women who have borne at least three children in wedlock. Such a policy would instantly elevate the social status of motherhood, providing a powerful incentive for women to prioritize childbearing. This measure would not only address the fertility crisis but also reinforce the cultural emphasis on family and societal contribution.

Critics may argue that such a proposal is politically infeasible, and indeed, it would face significant resistance. Decades of leftist influence, which has feminized both society and the church, have entrenched cultural norms that resist drastic measures. Nonetheless, desperate times call for desperate solutions. South Koreaโ€™s demographic situation is not merely a policy challenge but a national emergency. Without courageous leadership willing to confront this reality head-on, the nation risks irreversible decline.

To implement such transformative policies, South Korea needs a visionary leaderโ€”a figure who can articulate the gravity of the situation and galvanize public support for unconventional solutions. This leader must inspire South Koreans to reclaim their future by embracing bold reforms. If the nation can overcome its ideological inertia and cultural resistance, it may yet solve its fertility crisis and secure its future. The stakes are too high to settle for half-measures or incremental changes. South Koreaโ€™s survival depends on decisive action.