ํ๊ตญ์ ํ์ฌ ์ฌ๊ฐํ ์ธ๊ตฌ ์๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฒช๊ณ ์์ต๋๋ค. ์ถ์ฐ์จ ๊ฐ์๋ก ์ธํ ๊ตญ๊ฐ์ ์๊ธฐ๋ ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ตญ๋ด์ธ์์ ์ ์๋ ค์ ธ ์์ผ๋ฉฐ, ํนํ ์๊ตฌ ์ธ๋ก ์ด ์ต๊ทผ ๋ช ๋ ๊ฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์ ๋ฅผ ์ง์ค ์กฐ๋ช ํ๊ณ ์์ต๋๋ค. 1960๋ ๋ ํ ์ฌ์ฑ๋น 6๋ช ์ด์์ ์๋ ๋ฅผ ๋ณ๋ ์๋์์ ์ด์ ๋ ์ญ์ฌ์ ์ผ๋ก ๊ฐ์ฅ ๋ฎ์ ์ถ์ฐ์จ์ ๋๋ฌํ ํ์ค์ ์ฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋์๊ฒ ํฐ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ ์ฃผ๊ณ ์์ต๋๋ค. ์ ๋ถ๋ ๋ฌธ์ ํด๊ฒฐ์ ์ํด ๋ง๋ํ ์ฌ์ ์ ํฌ์ ํ์ง๋ง, ์ด๋ ๋ค ํ ์ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ด์ง ๋ชปํ๊ณ ์์ต๋๋ค. ๊ทธ๋ฌ๋ ์ด ์๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํด๊ฒฐํ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์ ์กด์ฌํฉ๋๋ค. ํ์ํ ๊ฒ์ ๊ฐ๋ ฅํ ์ ์น์ ์์ง์ผ ๋ฟ์ ๋๋ค.
ํต์ฌ์ ์ฌ์ฑ๋ค ์ฌ์ด์์ ์ถ์ฐ์ ์ฌํ์ ์์์ ๋ณํ์ํค๋ ๋ฐ ์์ต๋๋ค. ์ฌ์ฑ๋ค์ ๊ฒฝ์ ์ ๋ณด์๋ณด๋ค๋ ์ฌํ์ ์ธ์ ์ ๋ ํฌ๊ฒ ๋๊ธฐ๋ถ์ฌ๋ฉ๋๋ค. ๋ชฝ๊ณจ์ ์ฌ๋ก๋ ์ด์ ๋ํ ๊ฐ๋ ฅํ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ ๊ณตํฉ๋๋ค. ๋ชฝ๊ณจ์ 1957๋ ์ธ๊ตฌ ์ฆ๊ฐ์ ํ์์ฑ์ ์ธ์ํ๊ณ , โ์์ ์ด๋จธ๋ ํ์ฅโ์ ์ ์ ํ์ต๋๋ค. 6๋ช ์ด์์ ์๋ ๋ฅผ ํค์ด ์ฌ์ฑ์๊ฒ 1๋ฑ๊ธ ํ์ฅ์, 4~5๋ช ์ ์๋ ๋ฅผ ํค์ด ์ฌ์ฑ์๊ฒ๋ 2๋ฑ๊ธ ํ์ฅ์ ์์ฌํ๋ ์ ๋์ ๋๋ค. 2022๋ ์๋ 12,500๋ช ์ด ๋๋ ์ด๋จธ๋๋ค์ด ์ด ํ์ฅ์ ์์ฌ๋ฐ์์ต๋๋ค.
ํฅ๋ฏธ๋ก์ด ์ ์ ์ด ํ์ฅ์ ๊ธ์ ์ ๊ฐ์น๊ฐ ๋งค์ฐ ์ ๋ค๋ ๊ฒ์ ๋๋ค. 1๋ฑ๊ธ ํ์ฅ์ ์ฝ 60๋ฌ๋ฌ, 2๋ฑ๊ธ ํ์ฅ์ ์ฝ 30๋ฌ๋ฌ์ ๋ถ๊ณผํฉ๋๋ค. ํ์ง๋ง ์ด ํ์ฅ์ ๋จ์ํ ๊ธ์ ์ ๋ณด์์ ๋์ด, ์ถ์ฐ๊ณผ ๋ชจ์ฑ์ ๊ธฐ๋ ํ๊ณ ๋์ด ํ๊ฐํ๋ ์ฌํ์ ์์ง์ผ๋ก ์๋ฆฌ ์ก์์ต๋๋ค. ๋ฌธํ๊ฐ ์กฐ์ฑ๋ ๊ฒ์ ๋๋ค. ๋ชฝ๊ณจ์ ์ํ๋ฆฌ์นด๋ฅผ ์ ์ธํ ์ง์ญ ์ค ๊ฐ์ฅ ๋์ ์ถ์ฐ์จ์ ๊ธฐ๋กํ๊ณ ์์ผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋ ์ด ์ ์ฑ ์ ์ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ ์ฆํฉ๋๋ค.
ํ์ง๋ง ํ๊ตญ์ ์๊ธฐ๋ ๋ชฝ๊ณจ์ ์ฌ๋ก๋ฅผ ๋จ์ํ ๋์ ํ๋ ๊ฒ๋ง์ผ๋ก ํด๊ฒฐ๋์ง ์์ ๋งํผ ์ฌ๊ฐํฉ๋๋ค. ๋ณด๋ค ๊ธ์ง์ ์ด๊ณ ๊ณผ๊ฐํ ์กฐ์น๊ฐ ํ์ํฉ๋๋ค. ํนํ, ํ๊ตญ์ ๋ ํนํ๊ฒ ๋จ์ฑ์๊ฒ ์๋ฌด ๊ตฐ ๋ณต๋ฌด๋ฅผ ๋ถ๊ณผํ๋ ์ ๋๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ง๊ณ ์์ด, ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐํ์ผ๋ก ํ ํ๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ์ ์ฑ ์ ์คํํ ์ ์๋ ํ๊ฒฝ์ด ์กฐ์ฑ๋์ด ์์ต๋๋ค.
์ ๋ ๋ค์๊ณผ ๊ฐ์ ์ ์ฑ ์ ์ ์ํฉ๋๋ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ๊ตฐ ๋ณต๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์ฑ์คํ ๋ง์น ๋จ์ฑ์๊ฒ๋ง ํฌํ๊ถ์ ๋ถ์ฌํฉ๋๋ค. ๋์งธ, ๊ฒฐํผํ ์ํ์์ 3๋ช ์ด์์ ์๋ ๋ฅผ ์ถ์ฐํ ์ฌ์ฑ์๊ฒ๋ง ํฌํ๊ถ์ ๋ถ์ฌํฉ๋๋ค. ์ด ์ ์ฑ ์ ์ถ์ฐ์ ์ฌ์ฑ๋ค์ ์ฌํ์ ์ง์๋ฅผ ๋์ด๋ ๊ฐ๋ ฅํ ๋๊ธฐ๋ก ์์ฉํ๊ฒ ๋ง๋ค ๊ฒ์ด๋ฉฐ, 5๋ ์ด๋ด์ ์ถ์ฐ์จ ๋ฌธ์ ๋ฅผ ํด๊ฒฐํ ์ ์์ ๊ฒ์ ๋๋ค.
๋ฌผ๋ก , ์ด๋ฌํ ์ ์์ ํ์ฌ ํ๊ตญ ์ ์น ํ๊ฒฝ์์ ์คํ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ์ด ๋ฎ์ ๋ณด์ผ ์ ์์ต๋๋ค. ๊ทธ๋ฌ๋ ํ์ฌ ํ๊ตญ์ ์ธ๊ตฌ ๋ฌธ์ ๋ ๋จ์ํ ์ ์ฑ ์ ๊ณผ์ ๊ฐ ์๋๋ผ ๊ตญ๊ฐ์ ์์กด์ ๋ฌธ์ ์ ๋๋ค. ์ด์ ๋ ๊ณผ๊ฐํ ๋ณํ๋ฅผ ์ถ๊ตฌํ ๋์ ๋๋ค. ๋ชฝ๊ณจ ์ฌ๋ก์์ ๋ณด๋ฏ, ์ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ ์ถ์ฐ๊ณผ ๋ชจ์ฑ์ ์ฌํ์ ์ผ๋ก ์กด์คํ๊ณ ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ตญ๊ฐ์ ์ฐ์ ์์๋ก ์ผ๋ ๋ฌธํ๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ฑํ๋ค๋ฉด, ์ถฉ๋ถํ ์ด ์๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ทน๋ณตํ ์ ์์ต๋๋ค. ์ง๊ธ์ด ๋ฐ๋ก ํ๊ตญ์ด ๋ฏธ๋๋ฅผ ์ํด ๋จํธํ ๊ฒฐ๋จ์ ๋ด๋ ค์ผ ํ ๋์ ๋๋ค. ๋๋ผ์ ์์กด์ด ๊ฑธ๋ ค ์์ต๋๋ค.
South Korea is grappling with an existential crisis: its plummeting fertility rate. This issue has been widely acknowledged both within and outside the country, with Western media paying particular attention in recent years. The depth of the crisis, coupled with the failure of government incentives to reverse the trend, is disheartening. The birth rate, which stood at over six children per woman in the 1960s, has now dropped to an alarmingly low figure. Despite the injection of significant financial resources, no policy has succeeded in addressing the root causes of this demographic decline. However, history and comparative examples suggest a solution is possibleโif the political will exists to implement it.
The key to reversing this trend lies in fundamentally altering the social status of childbearing among women. Evidence is abundantly clear: financial incentives are simply not as compelling for women as the social prestige attached to motherhood. The Mongolian model provides an inspiring blueprint. Recognizing the need for population growth, Mongolia instituted the โOrder of Mother Heroineโ awards in 1957. These honors celebrate mothers who raise multiple children, with First-Class awards for mothers of six or more children and Second-Class awards for those with four to five children. In 2022 alone, over 12,500 mothers received these honors.
The monetary component of these awards is minimalโ$60 for First-Class and $30 for Second-Classโbut the social significance is profound. These awards are ceremoniously bestowed, and even Mongolian ambassadors distribute them to expatriates. The results are clear: Mongolia boasts one of the highest fertility rates outside of Africa, significantly outpacing its regional neighbors. The success of this policy underscores that the heart of the issue is not financial but cultural.
For South Korea, adopting such measures is a start, but it is unlikely to be enough. A bolder approach is necessary, given the severity of the crisis. South Koreaโs unique sociopolitical landscape, which includes mandatory military service for men, provides a potential framework for transformative change. The proposal is radical: extend voting rights only to men who have completed their national service and to women who have borne at least three children in wedlock. Such a policy would instantly elevate the social status of motherhood, providing a powerful incentive for women to prioritize childbearing. This measure would not only address the fertility crisis but also reinforce the cultural emphasis on family and societal contribution.
Critics may argue that such a proposal is politically infeasible, and indeed, it would face significant resistance. Decades of leftist influence, which has feminized both society and the church, have entrenched cultural norms that resist drastic measures. Nonetheless, desperate times call for desperate solutions. South Koreaโs demographic situation is not merely a policy challenge but a national emergency. Without courageous leadership willing to confront this reality head-on, the nation risks irreversible decline.
To implement such transformative policies, South Korea needs a visionary leaderโa figure who can articulate the gravity of the situation and galvanize public support for unconventional solutions. This leader must inspire South Koreans to reclaim their future by embracing bold reforms. If the nation can overcome its ideological inertia and cultural resistance, it may yet solve its fertility crisis and secure its future. The stakes are too high to settle for half-measures or incremental changes. South Koreaโs survival depends on decisive action.